Coagulation and sedimentation

Coagulation in water or wastewater involves reducing the degree of dispersion (dispersity) of colloidal particles and other solid contaminants by agglomerating them into larger clusters, which can then be effectively removed in processes such as sedimentation, filtration, or flotation. Iron or aluminum-based coagulants are most commonly used for this purpose. This method is typically used to remove color (humic substances) and turbidity (inorganic colloids) in water, and to remove oil emulsions (petroleum-based) and other emulsified hydrophobic substances in wastewater. Coagulation requires dosing systems for the coagulant and appropriate mixing chambers (reaction chambers).